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Building a Showback Dashboard for Cost Visibility with Serverless Architectures
Enterprises with centralized IT organizations and multiple lines of businesses frequently use showback or chargeback mechanisms to hold their departments accountable for their technology usage and costs. Chargeback involves actually billing a department for the cost of their division’s usage. Showback focuses on visibility to make the department more cost conscientious and encourage operational efficiency.
Building a showback mechanism can be potentially challenging for business and financial analysts of an AWS Organization. You may not have the scripting or data engineering skills needed to coordinate workflows and build reports at scale. Although you can use AWS Cost Explorer as starting point, you may want greater customizability, larger datasets beyond a one-year period, and more of a business intelligence (BI) experience.
In this post, we discuss the benefits of building a showback dashboard using the AWS Cost and Usage Report (AWS CUR). You can track costs by cost center, business unit, or project using managed services. Using a showback strategy, you can consolidate and present costs to a business unit to show resource use over a set period of time for your entire AWS Organization. Building this solution with managed services allows you to spend time understanding your costs rather than maintaining the underlying infrastructure.
This solution highlights AWS Glue DataBrew to prepare your data into the appropriate format for dashboards. We recommend DataBrew because it provides a no-code environment for data transformation. It allows anyone to create dashboards similar to those built in the Cloud Intelligence Dashboards Workshop for your Organization.
Figure 1. QuickSight showback dashboard using CUR data transformed by Glue DataBrew and leveraging QuickSight insights
Tags for cost allocation
The success of your showback dashboard partially depends on your cost allocation tagging strategy. Typically, customers use business tags such as cost center, business unit, or project to associate AWS costs with traditional financial reporting dimensions within their organization.
The CUR supports the ability to break down AWS costs by tag. For example, if a group of resources are labeled with the same tag, you’ll be able to see the total cost and usage of that group of resources. Read more about Tagging Best Practices to develop a tagging strategy for your organization.
A serverless data workflow for showback dashboards
You can build showback dashboards with managed services such as Amazon QuickSight, without the need to write any code or manage any servers.
Figure 2. A serverless architecture representing data workflow
AWS automatically delivers the data you need for showback dashboards through the CUR. Once this data arrives in an Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) bucket, you can transform the data without the need to write any code by using DataBrew. You can also automatically identify the data schema, and catalog the data’s properties to run queries using Amazon Athena. Lastly, you can visualize the results by publishing and sharing dashboards to key stakeholders within your organization using Amazon QuickSight.
The key benefits of this approach are:
- Automatic data delivery
- No-code data transformation
- Automatic cataloging and querying
- Serverless data visualization
Let’s take a look at each in more detail.
Automatic data delivery
The CUR is the source for historical cost and usage data. The CUR provides the most comprehensive set of cost and usage data available and will include your defined cost allocation tags for your entire Organization. You configure CUR to deliver your billing data to an Amazon S3 bucket at the payer account level. This will consolidate data for all linked accounts. After delivery starts, Amazon updates the CUR files at least once a day.
No-code data transformation
You can use DataBrew to transform the data in the Amazon S3 bucket aggregating cost and usage according to your tagging strategy. DataBrew summarizes your data for discovery. You can also run transformations called “jobs” in DataBrew without writing any code, using over 250 built-in transforms. Figures 3 through 5 show several job examples.
Figure 3. DataBrew recipe action: rename column
Figure 4. DataBrew recipe action: Create column from function
Figure 5. DataBrew recipe action: fill missing values
For a full list of columns available in CUR, review the CUR Data Dictionary. Following is a list of relevant columns for an executive summary showback dashboard:
- bill_billing_period_start_date
- line_item_usage_account_id
- line_item_line_item_type
- product_product_name
- product_product_family
- product_product_transfer_type
- savings_plan_savings_plan_effective cost
- reservation_effective_cost
- line_item_unblended_cost
Based on data refresh and business requirements, DataBrew can run a job on a recurring basis (for example, every 12 hours). This can be run at a particular time of day, or as defined by a valid CRON expression. This helps you automate your transformation workflows.
Automatic cataloging and querying
You can use a Glue crawler to automatically classify your data to determine the data’s format, schema, and associated properties. The crawlers write metadata to an AWS Glue Data Catalog to help data users find the data they need.
With the results in Amazon S3, and the metadata in the Glue Data Catalog, you can run standard SQL to queries with Athena. This will help you make more informed business decisions by tracking financial metrics and optimizing costs. This is done directly in Amazon S3 without having to move around data. Using standard SQL, you can create views that aggregate cost and usage by your defined tags.
Serverless data visualization
You can use Amazon QuickSight to create and share dashboards with your teams for cost visibility. QuickSight provides native integration with Athena and S3, and lets you easily create and publish interactive BI dashboards that include ML-powered insights. When building a showback dashboard such as the example in Figure 1, QuickSight authors create visuals and publish interactive dashboards.
Readers log in using your preferred authentication mechanism to view the shared dashboard. You can then filter data based on billing periods, account number, or cost allocation tags. You can also drill down to details using a web browser or mobile app.
Conclusion
In this blog, we’ve discussed designing and building a data transformation process and a showback dashboard. This gives you highly granular cost visualization without having to provision and manage any servers. You can use managed services such as AWS Glue DataBrew, Amazon Athena, and Amazon QuickSight to crawl, catalog, analyze, and visualize your data.
We recommend defining your organization tagging strategy to be able to view costs by tags. You can then get started by creating Cost and Usage Reports. With the data in Amazon S3, you can use the services described in this post to transform the data that works for your business. Additionally, you can get started today by experimenting with the Cloud Intelligence Dashboards Workshop. This workshop provides examples of visualizations that you can build using native AWS services on top of your Cost and Usage Report. You will be able to get cost, usage, and operational insights about your AWS Cloud usage.